Ayuda Trámites

Your roadmap: working for yourself in Spain

You want to become self-employed (autonomo) or start your own business in Spain.

Change my answers

  1. Get your NIE

    Without a NIE you cannot register with the tax office or Social Security. If you are from outside the EU you also need a permit that allows self-employment; the guide explains the routes.

    How to do it, step by step

  2. Get your Social Security number

    You need it to register as autonomo in the RETA system. It is free and you get it once, for life.

    You need first: step 1

    How to do it, step by step

  3. Register as autonomo

    The alta as autonomo is what makes you officially self-employed: first the tax office, then Social Security. The guide walks you through both, in the right order.

    You need first: step 2

    How to do it, step by step

  4. On unemployment benefit? Check the lump sum first

    You can turn your remaining benefit into startup money (pago unico). Important: you must apply before you start the activity, not after. If you get no benefit, skip this step.

    How to do it, step by step

  5. Set up your digital identity

    As autonomo you will do paperwork online all the time: registrations, taxes, certificates. Cl@ve or a digital certificate saves you appointments from day one.

    How to do it, step by step

While you wait

Frequently asked questions

Can I claim the lump sum after registering as autonomo?

No. The pago unico must be requested before you start the activity. If you register first, you lose that option, so plan the order carefully.

Do I need a special permit if I am from outside the EU?

Yes, you need a residence permit that allows self-employment. A permit for employed work does not cover it; you would need to change it first.

What is RETA?

The special Social Security scheme for self-employed workers. Registering in RETA is what makes you officially autonomo and gives you Social Security cover.

Can I use the Beckham Law as autonomo?

Normally no. Ordinary self-employed work counts as a permanent establishment in Spain and is excluded from the regime. Only ENISA-certified entrepreneurs and highly qualified professionals working for startups can qualify; see the Beckham Law guide before you register.

Not your situation?

Start the questions again